This game evolved from an older Viking game from around 600 AD. The knuckle bones of animals were used as dice and the one and two were painted or engraved on the narrowest sides of the knuckle bone making them the two hardest numbers to roll. Also in the Viking variation of this game the doubles are reversed in order 11 being the highest and 66 being the smallest. Other than that it's a fairly interesting game. However the Viking version involves lying deception and several other things that I'd rather not teach my kids. So we typically play more similar to the Mexican version.

The rolls of 1-1, 2-2, 3-3 and 2-1 don't need a numerical value. They beat any other roll (according to their hierarchy). So if I roll a 5-2 (52) but my friend rolls a 2-1 then the 2-1 wins, no score value necessary. If I roll a 1-1 and my friend rolls a 3-3, they win because 3-3 is higher up on the hierarchy than 2-2, no score value necessary. As to the second question, "a roll of 2-1 during a round means the stakes are doubled. In this case the loser would contribute two chips instead of one."

Hope this helps.

Oops! Thank you!